Early Days of "M&V"

I had a nice lunch and walk talk with my good friend Steve Schiller last week. We talked about the old days and new needs for M&V. I asked Perplexity to do a little research. Dusting off the memories from 30 years ago. Here's what I found.

Based on my extensive search, I've found several papers co-authored by Steve Kromer and Steven Schiller at ACEEE and elsewhere. Here's what I discovered:

Kromer and Schiller Papers

ACEEE 1996 Summer Study

National Measurement and Verification Protocols

Authors: J. Stephen Kromer (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) and Steven R. Schiller (Schiller Associates)

Conference: ACEEE 1996 Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings

Content: This foundational paper described the development of the North American Energy Measurement and Verification Protocol (NEMVP), the FEMP M&V Guidelines, and ASHRAE GPC 14. The paper detailed the three M&V Options (A, B, and C) and explained how savings cannot be measured directly but must be calculated.

ACEEE 1998 Summer Study

Measurement and Verification Protocols—Facts and Fiction, News from the Field

Authors: Steven R. Schiller (Schiller Associates) and J. Stephen Kromer (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)

Conference: ACEEE 1998 Summer Study

Volume: Volume 4 - Commercial Buildings: Program Design, Implementation and Evaluation

ACEEE 2000 Summer Study

Measurement and Verification Protocols – M&V Meets the Competitive and Environmental Marketplaces

Authors: J. Stephen Kromer (Enron Energy Services) and Steven R. Schiller (Schiller Associates)

Conference: ACEEE 2000 Summer Study

Content: This paper described the status of M&V guidelines, including updates to the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP 1997) and the FEMP M&V Guideline (2000), plus new guidelines from ASHRAE (2000). The paper discussed important issues including differentiating Option A from simple stipulation, uncertainty analysis, selecting M&V methods based on project value and risk, and using M&V to determine emissions reductions.

Related International Work

International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP)

Both Kromer and Schiller served on the NEMVP/IPMVP committees starting in 1994-1996:

Steve Kromer was on the Policy Committee and Technical Subcommittee (Co-Chair)

Steven Schiller was on the Policy Committee and Technical Subcommittee (Co-Chair)

The first version of NEMVP was published in February 1996, which evolved into IPMVP in December 1997

Additional Context

Kromer and Schiller were the primary authors of the 1996 FEMP M&V Guidelines (DOE/GO-10096-248), working under Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory direction. Their collaboration on M&V protocols helped establish the foundation for performance contracting in the energy efficiency industry throughout the 1990s and 2000s.

The papers can be accessed through ACEEE's proceedings archives at aceee.org.

Sources

[1] [PDF] National Measurement and Verification Protocols https://www.aceee.org/files/proceedings/1996/data/papers/SS96_Panel5_Paper18.pdf

[2] Volume 4 - Commercial Buildings: Program Design, Implementation ... https://www.aceee.org/files/proceedings/1998/data/Vol4.html

[3] [PDF] Measurement and Verification Protocols –M&V Meets the ... https://www.aceee.org/files/proceedings/2000/data/papers/SS00_Panel4_Paper19.pdf

[4] [PDF] International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol https://19january2021snapshot.epa.gov/sites/static/files/2014-12/documents/impvp_december_1997.pdf

[5] [PDF] Measurement and Verification (M&V) Guideline for Federal Energy ... https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc724076/m2/1/high_res_d/767303.pdf